Mobile communications uses electromagnetic fields to transmit information. But what impact do electromagnetic fields have on human beings?
Thermal effects
The electromagnetic fields used by mobile communications barely penetrate our bodies. The only proven impact that high-frequency electromagnetic fields have on living creatures is a warming effect. These are also referred to as the thermal effects of electromagnetic fields.
The current exposure limits ensure that the electromagnetic fields occurring in mobile communications are so weak that the temperature of human tissue will not be raised to such an extent that it would represent a health risk.
No impact below the exposure limits
Current research into mobile communications and health focuses on the biological effects of very weak, low energy electromagnetic fields below the valid exposure limits. The effects are so small that any increase in body temperature is not measurable or remains at a very low level. They are therefore often referred to as "non-thermal effects."
There is controversial discussion among researchers relating to the existence of these non-thermal effects and their potential impact on people's health. Based on the latest research, different expert bodies conclude that there is no convincing evidence for health-related non-thermal effects despite the fact that extensive research has been carried out in this field.
Radio cells vary in size, depending on the anticipated number of users and the mobile communications frequencies used. Since most people place calls within cities and villages, many base stations with small radio cells have been set up in these regions.